Namibia’s mining sector remains a cornerstone of the national economy, contributing 13.25% to GDP in 2024, according to the Ministry of Industries, Mines and Energy (MIME). Deputy Executive Director Erasmus Shivolo recently outlined the country’s regulatory landscape, licensing opportunities, and challenges, emphasizing efforts to modernize processes while ensuring sustainable growth.
Namibia’s mining governance relies on the longstanding Minerals Act of 1992, which provides a stable foundation for investors. A new Mineral Bill is in advanced stages and aims to modernize licensing without disrupting existing rights. The ministry mandates strict environmental compliance, requiring randomized Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) before operations begin. Rehabilitation of disturbed land aligns with global ESG standards. The state also encourages local partnerships and procurement to ensure shared national benefits.
Current data reveals 588 active Exclusive Prospecting Licenses (EPLs) and 165 active Mining Licenses (MLs), alongside 1,150 Mining Claims. EPLs cover areas up to 1,000 km² and are renewable for up to seven years, while MLs span 25 years, renewable for 15-year terms. Applications concentrate in regions like Erongo, Omaheke, and //Karas, targeting diamonds, gold, uranium, and rare earths. However, processing delays persist: 415 EPL applications are under review, while 28 ML applications face backlogs, partly due to premature or incomplete submissions.
MIME identified key hurdles, including speculative applications, overlapping claims, and submissions in environmentally restricted zones. Inactive licenses also “lock” promising land. Limited staffing and resources exacerbate delays. To streamline approvals, the ministry is implementing digital licensing reforms and stricter application standards.
Small-scale miners face barriers such as limited financing, inadequate technical skills, and compliance complexities. Many struggle to add value to raw minerals, reducing profitability. In response, the government is rolling out financial support schemes, training programs, and partnerships to improve market access, safety, and processing capabilities.
A cornerstone of Namibia’s policy is mineral beneficiation and local content development. The government aims to shift from raw mineral exports to domestic processing, creating jobs and diversifying the economy. Incentives include tax breaks and special economic zones to boost local participation and value-added industries.
New license applications follow strict annual windows: April–May and September–October.
Shivolo stressed that unlocking Namibia’s geological potential hinges on collaboration between government, investors, and communities. “Converting mineral wealth into economic value requires technical readiness, sound governance, and partnership,” he stated. MIME reaffirmed its commitment to licensing efficiency, policy clarity, and sustainable investment.